"Participation in retirement savings plans is highly unequal across income groups," the EPI reports. "In 2013, nearly nine in 10 families in the top income fifth had retirement account savings, compared with fewer than one in 10 families in the bottom income fifth."

While retirement inequality is growing, the EPI notes, the good news is, you don't need a lot of money to start investing and building your nest egg. A simple starting point is to contribute to your 401(k) plan, if your employer offers one. Regardless of whether you have a retirement savings plan at work, you can contribute to other tax-advantaged accounts designed for retirement, such as a traditional IRA or Roth IRA.

Even if you're only comfortable with setting aside one percent of your paycheck, it's better to start there than to not get started at all.

After all, that's what self-made millionaire and author of "The Automatic Millionaire" David Bach did.

"I was in my mid-20s, and I wanted to make sure it didn't hurt," he writes of the first time he started paying himself first. "Within three months, I realized that 1 percent was easy, so I increased the amount to 3 percent."

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How much the richest Americans have saved for retirement - CNBC